Ọlaọcha nanoparticlesnwere ngwa anya pụrụ iche, eletriki, na thermal ma na-etinye ya na ngwaahịa ndị sitere na fotovoltaic ruo na ihe mmetụta ndu na kemịkal.Ọmụmatụ na-agụnye ink na-eduzi, tapawa na ihe ndochi nke na-eji nanoparticles ọlaọcha maka ọkụ eletrik ha dị elu, nkwụsi ike na okpomọkụ dị ala.Ngwa agbakwunyere gụnyere nchọpụta molecular na ngwaọrụ fotonic, nke na-erite uru na njirimara ngwa anya nke nanomaterials ndị a.Ngwa na-arịwanye elu bụ iji nanoparticles ọlaọcha maka mkpuchi mgbochi nje, na ọtụtụ textiles, kiiboodu, uwe ọnya, na ngwaọrụ biomedical nwere ugbu a nanoparticles ọlaọcha nke na-ahapụkwa obere ion ọlaọcha dị ala iji nye nchebe megide nje bacteria.

Ọla ọcha nanoparticleNgwa anya

A na-enwe mmasị na-eto eto n'iji ngwa anya nke nanoparticles ọlaọcha dị ka akụkụ na-arụ ọrụ na ngwaahịa na ihe mmetụta dị iche iche.Nanoparticles ọla ọcha na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'inweta na ịchụsasị ìhè na, n'adịghị ka ọtụtụ ihe eji esiji ákwà na pigmenti, nwere agba na-adabere na nha na ọdịdị nke urughuru ahụ.The ike mmekọrịta nke ọlaọcha nanoparticles na ìhè pụtara n'ihi na conduction electrons na metal elu ime a mkpokọta oscillation mgbe obi ụtọ site ìhè na kpọmkwem wavelengths (Figure 2, ekpe).Amara dị ka plasmon resonance (SPR), oscillation a na-ebute ihe mgbasa na nnabata siri ike na-enweghị atụ.N'ezie, ọlaọcha nanoparticles nwere ike ikpochapụ dị irè (na-achụsasị + absorption) cross ngalaba ruo ugboro iri ibu karịa ha anụ ahụ cross ngalaba.Akụkụ obe siri ike na-agbasasị na-enye ohere ka a na-ahụ anya ngwa ngwa site na iji microscope nke a na-ahụkarị na sub 100 nm nanoparticles.Mgbe 60 nm ọlaọcha nanoparticles na-enwu na-acha ọcha ìhè ha na-apụta dị ka-acha anụnụ anụnụ ebe na-agbasasị isi iyi n'okpuru a gbara ọchịchịrị ubi microscope (Onyonyo 2, nri).Agba na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-egbuke egbuke bụ n'ihi SPR nke dị elu na ogologo 450 nm.Ngwongwo pụrụ iche nke nanoparticles silver sppherical bụ na SPR a nwere ike ịgbatị ogologo wavelength site na 400 nm (ìhè violet) ruo 530 nm (ọkụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ) site n'ịgbanwe nha nha yana ndenye refractive mpaghara n'akụkụ akụkụ ahụ.Ọbụna nnukwu mgbanwe nke SPR kacha elu wavelength n'ime infrared mpaghara nke electromagnetic ụdịdị dị iche iche nwere ike nweta site na-emepụta ọlaọcha nanoparticles na mkpara ma ọ bụ efere shapes.

Ngwa Silver Nanoparticle

Ọlaọcha nanoparticlesA na-eji ya n'ọtụtụ teknụzụ ma tinye ya n'ụdị ngwaahịa ndị na-azụ ahịa na-erite uru nke ngwa anya, ihe na-eme ihe na nje nje.

• Ngwa nchọpụta: A na-eji nanoparticles ọlaọcha mee ihe na biosensors na ọtụtụ nyocha ebe enwere ike iji ihe nanoparticle ọlaọcha mee ihe dị ka mkpado ndu maka nchọpụta ọnụọgụ.
• Ngwa Antibacterial: A na-etinye nanoparticles ọla ọcha n'uwe, akpụkpọ ụkwụ, agba, akwa ọnya, ngwa ngwa, ihe ịchọ mma, na plastik maka akụrụngwa nje ha.
• Ngwa na-arụ ọrụ: A na-eji nanoparticles ọla ọcha na ink na-eduzi ma tinye ya n'ime ihe mejupụtara iji kwalite ọkụ na ọkụ eletrik.
• Ngwa ngwa anya: A na-eji nanoparticles ọla ọcha wee weta ọkụ nke ọma yana maka nleba anya nlebanya anya gụnyere igwe emelitere fluorescence (MEF) na mgbasawanye Raman (SERS).