Fiiro gaar ah: sida waafaqsan shuruudaha isticmaalaha qayb nano waxay ku siin karaan alaabooyin cabbir kala duwan.

Waxqabadka badeecada:

Meel sare oo gaar ah oo gaar ah, korantada korantada, dhaqdhaqaaqa kulaylka, sifooyinka nano-optical

Jihada codsiga:

1) wax soo saarka: unug cadceed filim khafiif ah, ka dhigi electrode hufan;2) Bakteeriyada bakteeriyada: nanowires silver waxay leeyihiin adkeysiga bakteeriyada xooggan; 3) warshadaha catalytic: aagga sare ee gaarka ah, dhaqdhaqaaqa catalytic sare; 4) codsiga indhaha: waxqabadka nuugista iftiinka gaarka ah.

Xaaladaha kaydinta:

Dhib malaha budo ama dareere firdhiya, waa in lagu hayaa meel hawo-mareen, hadh iyo meel hawo leh.