VO2 is a solid-state thermochromic material. With the change of temperature, its crystalline structure will change from semiconductor state to metal state, and the phase change is reversible. Because of the great changes in electrical, magnetic and optical properties before and after the phase change , which makes it a promising material for electrical/optical conversion, optical storage, laser protection, and smart windows.

The phase transition temperature of VO2 is 68 degrees Celsius. Tungsten doping can effectively reduce the phase transition temperature of VO2. The tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide film intelligently adjusts the incident amount of sunlight and infrared radiation according to the temperature to achieve the effect of warm in winter and cool in summer.

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