Namuhla singathanda ukwabelana ngokusetshenziswa kwe-antibacterial nanoparticles njengoba ngezansi:

1. Isiliva leNano

Isimiso se-antibacterial se-nano silver material

(1).Shintsha ukungena kwe-membrane yeseli.Ukwelapha amabhaktheriya nge-nano isiliva kungashintsha ukufinyeleleka kwe-membrane yeseli, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezakhi eziningi kanye nama-metabolites, futhi ekugcineni ukufa kweseli;

(2).I-Silver ion ilimaza i-DNA

(3).Yehlisa umsebenzi we-dehydrogenase.

(4).Ukucindezeleka kwe-oxidative.I-Nano silver ingenza amangqamuzana akhiqize i-ROS, ephinde inciphise okuqukethwe kwe-coenzyme II (NADPH) oxidase inhibitors (DPI) encishisiwe (DPI), okuholela ekufeni kweseli.

Imikhiqizo ehlobene: I-Nano silver powder, uketshezi lwe-antibacterial olunemibala esiliva, uketshezi lwe-antibacterial lwesiliva olusobala

2.I-Nano zinc oxide 

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokulwa namagciwane ze-nano-zinc oxide ZNO:

(1).I-Photocatalytic antibacterial mechanism.Okusho ukuthi, i-nano-zinc oxide ingakwazi ukubola ama-electron akhokhiswa kabi emanzini nasemoyeni ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga, ikakhulukazi ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, kuyilapho ishiya izimbobo ezifakwe kahle, ezingashukumisa ukushintsha kwe-oxygen emoyeni.Iwumoya-mpilo osebenzayo, futhi i-oxidizes ngezinhlobonhlobo zama-microorganisms, ngaleyo ndlela ibulale amagciwane.

(2).Indlela ye-antibacterial yokuchithwa kwe-ion yensimbi ukuthi i-zinc ions izokhishwa kancane kancane.Uma ihlangana namagciwane, izohlangana ne-protease esebenzayo kubhaktheriya ukuze ingasebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela ibulale amagciwane.

3. I-Nano titanium oxide

I-Nano-titanium dioxide ibola amagciwane ngaphansi kwesenzo se-photocatalysis ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela we-antibacterial.Njengoba ukwakheka kwe-elekthronikhi kwe-nano-titanium dioxide kubonakala ngebhendi ye-valence ye-TiO2 egcwele kanye ne-conduction band engenalutho, ohlelweni lwamanzi nomoya, i-nano-titanium dioxide ibonakala ekukhanyeni kwelanga, ikakhulukazi emisebeni ye-ultraviolet, lapho amandla e-electron efika noma idlula igebe lebhendi yayo.Ingabe isikhathi.Ama-electron angajatshuliswa kusukela kubhendi ye-valence kuya ebhendini yokuqhuba, futhi izimbobo ezihambisanayo ziyakhiqizwa ebhendini ye-valence, okungukuthi, ama-electron kanye nama-hole pair akhiqizwa.Ngaphansi kwesenzo senkambu kagesi, ama-electron nezimbobo ziyahlukaniswa futhi zithuthela ezindaweni ezihlukene endaweni yezinhlayiya.Kuyenzeka uchungechunge lokusabela.I-oksijini evaleleke ebusweni bezikhangisi ze-TiO2 futhi ivalela ama-electron ukuze akhe i-O2, futhi ama-anion radicals akhiqiziwe e-superoxide asabela (oxidize) ngezinto eziningi eziphilayo.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingasabela nge-organic matter ku-bacteria ukuze ikhiqize i-CO2 ne-H2O;kuyilapho izimbobo zikhipha i-OH kanye ne-H2O adsorbed ebusweni be-TiO2 kuya ·OH, ·OH inekhono eliqinile le-oxidizing, ihlasela amabhondi angagcwalisiwe ezinto eziphilayo noma ikhiphe ama-H Atoms akhiqiza ama-radicals mahhala amasha, aqalise ukusabela kweketango, futhi ekugcineni abangele. amagciwane ukubola.

4. I-nano copper,i-nano yethusi oxide, i-nano cuprous oxide

Ama-nanoparticles ethusi ane-positive kanye nama-bacterium anecala elibi enza ama-nanoparticles ethusi ahlangane nama-bacterium ngokukhanga kokushaja, bese kuthi ama-nanoparticles ethusi angena kumaseli ebhaktheriya, okwenza ukuthi udonga lweseli yebhaktheriya luphuke futhi uketshezi lweseli lugeleze. ngaphandle.Ukufa kwamagciwane;izinhlayiya ze-nano-zethusi ezingena esitokisini ngesikhathi esifanayo zingasebenzisana nama-enzyme amaprotheni kumaseli ebhaktheriya, ukuze ama-enzyme akhishwe futhi angasebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela abulale amagciwane.

Kokubili i-elemental copper kanye ne-copper compounds kunezindawo zokulwa namagciwane, empeleni, wonke ama-ion ethusi ekubulaleni inzalo.

Ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana buncane, kuba ngcono umphumela we-antibacterial mayelana nezinto ezilwa namagciwane, okuwumphumela wosayizi omncane.

5.I-Graphene

Umsebenzi we-antibacterial wezinto ze-graphene ikakhulukazi uhlanganisa izindlela ezine:

(1).Ukubhoboza okungokomzimba noma indlela yokusika “ye-nano knife”;

(2).Ukubhujiswa kwamagciwane/i-membrane okubangelwa ukucindezeleka okwenziwe nge-oxidative;

(3).I-Transmembrane transport block kanye/noma i-bacterial growth block ebangelwa ukumbozwa;

(4).Ulwelwesi lwamaseli aluzinzile ngokufaka nokucekela phansi i-membrane yeseli.

Ngokwezimo ezihlukene zokuxhumana ze-graphene materials nama-bacterium, izindlela ezimbalwa ezibalwe ngenhla zibangela ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwamangqamuzana olwelwesi lwamaseli (umphumela we-bactericidal) futhi zivimbele ukukhula kwamagciwane (umphumela we-bacteriostatic).